What Is Hydrocephalus? Causes, Symptoms & Treatment Explained

Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition caused by an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the brain, leading to increased pressure on brain tissues. It can occur in infants, children, adults, and elderly patients for various reasons including congenital conditions, infections, brain injuries, tumors, or bleeding inside the brain. Common symptoms may include enlarged head size in infants, headaches, vomiting, walking imbalance, vision problems, memory difficulties, and confusion. This article provides a simple explanation of hydrocephalus, its causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and available neurosurgical treatment options.